Xiao Y, Chen MJ, Shen X, et al. - Considering that neurosyphilis has recently been found to be associated with diabetes mellitus (DM), researchers desired to know whether the correlation between central nervous system (CNS) infections was specific to neurosyphilis and whether neurosyphilis was related to other prevalent metabolic disorders. An in-depth cross-sectional study was carried out with 74 neurosyphilis individuals and 74 gender- and age-matched individuals with other CNS infections. Data reported that hypertension and hyperlipidemia prevalence rates in neurosyphilis patients were 45.9 and 21.4%, respectively, which were higher than those in patients with other CNS infections. Also, neurosyphilis patients had significantly higher systolic blood pressure, ­diastolic BP, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, and apolipoprotein A1 levels and lower apoB/A1 ratios compared with those with other CNS infections. No differences were found in the DM-related factors between patients with neurosyphilis and those with other CNS infections. Among CNS infections, potential link between neurosyphilis and metabolic disorders was observed. The findings could have major clinical practice consequences, alerting more clinicians to this issue.