Li H, et al. - Researchers sought to determine the effect of mangiferin, a natural medicine, on peri-implantitis and investigated the potential mechanisms involved by administering this drug to an experimental peri-implantitis mouse model. They extracted maxillary left first, second, and third molars of mice, and placed dental implants in the region of the maxillary left second molars. Then, induction of peri-implantitis by tying ligatures around implants was performed, and oral administration of mangiferin to the mice was done. After a 6-week mangiferin treatment, micro-CT exhibited reduced bone loss in peri-implantitis. Further, after mangiferin application, H&E staining revealed more alveolar bone and less inflammatory infiltrate in peri-implant tissues. Moreover, after mangiferin treatment, lower levels of IL6 gene expression were observed in qRT-PCR analysis, and decreased protein expression of IL6 and TLR2 (Toll-like receptor 2), and suppressed phosphorylation of TLR2 downstream nuclear factor-κB, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase were noted in western blot analysis. Results thereby suggest that mangiferin has a suppressive effect on bone damage and inflammatory infiltrate in peri-implantitis. Possibly inhibition of IL6 production and reduction in TLR2 signaling activation in peri-implant tissues appeared to be linked to these therapeutic effects.