Loi B, Vigo G, Baraldi E, et al. - In this multicenter, international, prospective, longitudinal, cohort, diagnostic accuracy study, experts aspired to explore whether lung ultrasound can monitor lung aeration and function and has good reliability to anticipate bronchopulmonary dysplasia in extremely preterm neonates. This investigation consecutively enrolling inborn neonates with gestational age 30 ⁺⁶ weeks or younger. Lung ultrasound was conducted on the 1, 7, 14, and 28 days of life, and lung ultrasound scores were measured and correlated with simultaneous blood gases and work of breathing score. The mean lung ultrasound scores differ between infants who develop bronchopulmonary dysplasia and those who do not. Lung ultrasound scores enable the monitoring of lung aeration and function in extremely preterm infants. Starting on the seventh day of life, gestational age-adjusted scores significantly predict the occurrence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia.