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Longitudinal changes in spirometry in South African adolescents perinatally infected with human immunodeficiency virus who are receiving antiretroviral therapy

Clinical Infectious Diseases Jan 23, 2020

Githinji LN, et al. - Given that HIV–infected (HIV+) adolescents frequently suffer lung disease despite increased access to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), researchers here examined HIV+ adolescents on HAART in a prospective cohort [the Cape Town Adolescent Antiretroviral Cohort (CTAAC)] for the progression of spirometry findings over 2 years. CTAAC included HIV+ adolescents (aged 9–14 years) with at least 6 months of HAART, and a comparator group of healthy HIV-uninfected (HIV) age-matched controls. At baseline, they tested 515 HIV+ adolescents [mean age 12; 50.4% male], and 110 HIV adolescents, [mean age 11.8 years; 45.6% male]; at 12 months, 477 (93%) HIV+ and 102 (93%) HIV adolescents were tested; and at 24 months, 473 (92%) HIV+ and 97 (88%) HIV adolescents were tested. Outcomes revealed lower lung function over 2 years among HIV+ adolescents vs HIV adolescents. This study emphasizes the necessity for lung function surveillance and the prevention of lower respiratory tract infections and pulmonary tuberculosis in HIV+ adolescents.
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