Zhang Q, et al. - In this study, the intelligence quotient (IQ) of school age children were evaluated before and after orthopedic surgery under general anesthesia of various durations. Findings revealed that more than 3 h general anesthesia impacted the IQ of school age children for up to 3 months following orthopedic surgery. Younger children age, mothers with low educational levels and premature birth were reported as factors for post-operative IQ reduction, additional to extended exposure time to anesthetics.