Friberg L, et al. - This study compared the impact of treatment with vs without oral anticoagulants on the incidence of new dementia in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). Furthermore, researchers investigated whether there exists a difference between novel anticoagulants and warfarin in this respect. Findings demonstrated a higher risk of dementia in those treated without oral anticoagulant, suggesting the possible utility of early initiation of anticoagulant treatment in AF patients in order to preserve cognitive function.