Cabrera SM, et al. - Using a plasma-based transcriptional bioassay and a gene-ontology-based scoring algorithm, researchers examined how heterogeneity at clinical diagnosis is related to the persistence of insulin secretion during the post-onset period and responsiveness to CTLA4-Ig treatment. For this investigation, they studied participants from the Children’s Hospital of Wisconsin and led an ancillary analysis of TrialNet CTLA4-Ig trial (TN-09) participants. Among placebo-treated individuals, they found a significant inverse association between baseline innate inflammatory activity and stimulated C-peptide AUC measured at 3, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months post onset. Results of this study suggested that people with type 1 diabetes who have a lower innate inflammatory bias at clinical onset, as measured via plasma-induced transcription, were more likely to have slower rates of decline in residual insulin secretion.