Akimoto T, Kobayashi T, Maita H, et al. - This study was intended to confirm the diagnostic accuracy of pocket-sized ultrasound (PsUS) for both disorders. According to a fixed procedure of the PsUS probe handling, outpatients with acute hip pain were diagnosed in this prospective observational study. The diagnostic accuracy of PsUS findings (cortical discontinuity and joint fluid retention) were verified and compared it with that of radiography, CT, and MRI. This research enrolled 52 outpatients (mean age, 78.0 years; female, 88.5%). The evidence showed that negative PsUS findings of cortical discontinuity and joint fluid retention in the hip are beneficial for ruling out femoral proximal fractures and acute hip arthritis. Among the elderly in primary care settings, PsUS and radiography have comparable diagnostic accuracies, and PsUS could aid in the initial assessment of acute hip pain.