van de Ven SEM, Falger JM, Verhoeven RHA, et al. - Researchers performed a nationwide, retrospective cohort study in collaboration with the Netherlands Cancer Registry to assess the risk of multiple primary tumours in the upper aero digestive tract and stomach in patients with oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma in a Western population. Patients (n = 9,058; median age 67 years) diagnosed between 2000-2016 with primary oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma were included. According to findings, a second primary tumour was found in the upper aero digestive tract or stomach of nearly one in 20 patients with primary oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma, either at the time of diagnosis of oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma or at a later stage. Prospective studies are required to examine the yield and survival benefit of second primary tumour screening in patients with oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma, in light of the fact that second primary tumours occur at increased risk relative to the general population.