Lai YL, Chiang CJ, Chen YL, et al. - An elevated risk of second primary cancers (SPCs) was evident even in women treated for endometrial cancer (EC) with surgery alone, especially young EC survivors. Young EC patients should undergo genetic counseling/testing, and all EC patients should receive regular surveillance and screening for breast, colorectal, and lung cancers.

• Data from the Taiwan Cancer Registry were obtained to assess SPC risk and survival outcomes in EC patients who received surgery alone.

• An SPC occurred in 478 of 7,725 women enrolled, and overall SIR (standardized incidence ratio) for SPCs in EC survivors was 2.84 vs the general female population.

• A higher SIR for an SPC was noted in relation to diagnosis at age <50 years vs those diagnosed at age ≥50 years (SIR = 4.38 vs 1.28).

• Small intestine, followed by the kidney, and oral cavity were detected as the most frequent site of an SPC.

• Significantly higher SIRs for subsequent breast, colorectal, lung, and thyroid cancer, and lymphoma were reported, irrespective of age at EC diagnosis.

• Shorter overall survival was reported in those with an SPC vs those without.