Bonett S, Tam V, Singapur A, et al. - In this retrospective cohort study of adolescents and young adults living with HIV (AYALH) receiving care at an adolescent-specialty clinic  (N = 335) in Philadelphia, patterns of syphilis infection and syphilis-related care utilization were investigated.

• Among 83 unique participants, 145 times syphilis-related care was required and 109 episodes of confirmed syphilis were reported.

• Incidence rate of syphilis was 13.50 cases per hundred person-years; indicating overall a high incidence of syphilis infection in the present cohort of AYALH.

• Hazards of infection were higher for participants assigned male gender at birth and lower for older participants and those living further from the clinic.

• No association of race, insurance status, neighborhood diversity index, and neighborhood social disadvantage index was observed with hazard of infection or syphilis-related care utilization.

• Based on findings, researchers emphasize prioritizing  integration of comprehensive sexually transmitted infection prevention services into HIV care and improvement of syphilis prevention services in communities with high syphilis rates in future intervention work.