Goncalves MD, et al. - The authors performed this study in patients receiving induction chemotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) to ascertain whether changes in body composition could be assessed serially using conventional thoracic computed tomography (CT) and positron-emission tomography (PET)/CT imaging. As per observations, routine thoracic imaging could measure changes in body composition. Skeletal muscle volume, density, and metabolism changed during treatment; however, there was no impact on survival in this retrospective series. Further validation seemed required in prospective, well-controlled studies.