Lam-Franco L, et al. - Authors ascertained the lacrimal concentration of IL-1α and MMP-9 in patients with active ocular rosacea before and after systemic treatment with azithromycin or doxycycline. While with azithromycin therapy, the levels of IL-1α were seen to decrease, after doxycycline treatment, a decrease in MMP-9 was noted. In patients with antibiotic failure, a marked elevation in the baseline cytokine tear levels was seen, which was indicative of their potential role as therapeutic biomarkers for the disease.