Tian X, et al. - This research conducted an exploration of a novel genotyping approach has been developed, multiplex extension and ligation-based probe amplification (MELPA), whose intent was to eliminate DNA extraction and achieve uniform PCR amplification. It was found that MELPA facilitated pooled genotyping without diluting rare alleles, in which undesired common-allele background increased by sample pooling could be repressed through the addition of specific common allele blockers. Hence, MELPA served as a high-throughput, cost-effective approach to targeted genotyping at the population level.