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Global retinoblastoma presentation and analysis by national income level

JAMA Mar 04, 2020

Fabian DD - The present study intended to describe the retinoblastoma stage at diagnosis in patients across the world during a single year, examine relationships between clinical variables and national income level, and to study the risk factors for the advanced disease at diagnosis. Researchers included a sum of 278 retinoblastoma treatment centers between June 2017 and December 2018 to participate in a cross-sectional analysis of treatment-naive individuals with retinoblastoma who were diagnosed in 2017. A total of 4,351 new individuals were enrolled from 153 countries; the median age at diagnosis was 30.5 (interquartile range, 18.3-45.9) months, and 1,976 patients (45.4%) were female. The main outcome measures included age at presentation, the proportion of familial history of retinoblastoma, and tumor stage and metastasis. In 2017, this research is calculated to have included more than half of all new retinoblastoma cases worldwide. Children from LMICs, where the main global retinoblastoma burden lies, conducted at an older age with more advanced disease and showed a smaller proportion of familial history of retinoblastoma, likely because many do not reach childbearing age. The evidence is concerning and mandates intervention at national and international levels, given that retinoblastoma is curable. To examine factors, other than age at presentation, that may be associated with advanced disease in LMICs, future research is required.
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