Yan S, Huang S, Yang Z, et al. - Researchers inquired about the new development of caries in preschoolers in northern Guangdong. They also investigated caries-related factors to differentiate groups with different caries risk levels. They analyzed 11,973 preschoolers via longitudinal observation. For each participant, the simplified debris index and decayed-missing-filled tooth (dmft) index values were collected. Findings demonstrated that future caries were well-predicted by baseline dmft. Treatment with prophylactic interventions of different intensities and frequencies is recommended for children with baseline caries-free status, baseline dmft > 0, and baseline dmft ≥ 3. Development of future caries in baseline caries-free participants was identified to be associated with oral hygiene status. It is recommended that measures to avert caries on smooth surfaces, such as topical fluoridation, should be applied to all preschoolers. A priority group for pit and fissure sealing may include preschoolers with caries at baseline.