Fırat E, et al. - In this study involving patients with an overactive bladder (OAB) and a healthy control group, researchers focused on the link between microRNAs (miRNAs) and OAB pathogenesis. They intended to offer a novel perspective to treatment approaches. In patients with OAB, significant upregulation of relative expression levels of let-7b-5p, miR-92a-3p, miR-98-5p, miR-142-3p, and miR-200c-3p and significant downregulation of miR-139-5p was evident. There was no correlation between the levels of miRNAs with OAB symptom score. In receiver operating characteristic analysis, the highest diagnostic accuracy was shown by miR-98-5p alone. A good indicator was the combination of miR-98-5p + miR-139-5p. To explain the pathophysiology of OAB syndrome and to shed light on novel treatment choices, it is valid to use alteration of the miRNA levels as auxiliary parameters.