Chen WC, et al. - Sixteen trials recruiting 2,754 women with postmenopausal osteoporosis were involved in this systematic review in order to determine the efficiency and safety of elcatonin in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. Similar fracture rates and bone mineral density change were noted in elcatonin therapies and non-elcatonin medications. However, combination therapy of elcatonin (C-E) and monotherapy of elcatonin (M-E) had significantly lower pain scores vs non-elcatonin medications. Nonetheless, significantly higher complication rates were noted in M-E and non-elcatonin medication than placebo. In this network model, no evidence identified inconsistency and small study effect. Thus, on the basis of the prevailing evidence, C-E may be recognized for treating postmenopausal osteoporosis since it has advantages for pain relief and complications. Furthermore, it exhibits similar fracture rate and bone mineral density change in comparison with anti-osteoporosis and calcium supplements.