Marsden J, et al. - In this open-label, randomized controlled trial, a personalized psychosocial intervention used with a toolkit of behavior-change techniques as an adjunct to opioid agonist therapy was tested for the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness. One hundred thirty-six participants were randomized to receive the psychosocial intervention (with a flexible toolkit of psychological-change methods) in addition to treatment as usual, and 137 to receive treatment as usual only (control group). Outcomes suggest that compared to standard therapy alone, the adjunct personalized psychosocial intervention combined with standard therapy was efficacious and cost-effective in assisting treatment-resistant patients to avoid using illicit and non-prescribed opioids and cocaine. Researchers found 16% of the patients in the psychosocial intervention group had a treatment response vs with 7% in the control group.