Hanai K, et al. - In this historical cohort study, researchers tested the hypothesis that there are differences in the impact of serum uric acid (UA) levels on the decline in kidney function depending on baseline kidney function in diabetic patients. Two groups of patients including those with nonchronic kidney disease (non-CKD), with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ≥60 mL/min/1.73 m², and CKD, with an eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m² were examined for a ≥30% decrease in eGFR from baseline or the initiation of renal replacement therapy. Findings suggested a possible difference in the impacts of UA on kidney function decline when assessed based on baseline kidney function. Only in patients with preserved kidney function, high UA levels were identified as the prognostic factor.