Ikeda N, et al. - In this longitudinal analysis of the Japanese national database, researchers assessed the impacts of diet and physical activity counseling on cardiometabolic biomarkers across the country. They analyzed data for high-risk persons aged 40–64 who participated in intensive support in Specific Health Guidance (SHG) for ≥3 months between April 2008 and March 2012. They found that modest improvements in biomarkers were related to diet and physical activity counseling. All metabolic biomarkers may be improved by diet counseling in men while in women it may improve anthropometrics and blood pressures. Improvements in anthropometrics in both sexes and serum lipid in men were noted following exercise counseling. Almost all biomarkers in both sexes may be improved with combined counseling. These links were statistically significant but effect sizes were small.