Tsubota K, et al. - In this prospective case series, researchers illustrated the impacts of intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB) injections for the prevention of post-vitrectomy complications in proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) subjects with elevated vitreous vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) concentration. For this investigation, they studied 33 patients (42 eyes) with PDR who had primary vitrectomy in the Department of Ophthalmology, Tokyo Medical University Hospital. They measured concentrations of VEGF in vitreous humor gathered using ELISA during vitrectomy. In patients with vitreous VEGF levels exceeding 1,000 pg/mL, IVB injections were performed after vitrectomy. In preventing post-vitrectomy early vitreous hemorrhage, prophylactic IVB injections administered to patients with elevated preoperative intraocular VEGF concentrations have been effective.