Noordman BJ, et al. - Herein, 2 treatment strategies for esophageal or junctional cancer were compared, focusing on pre-agreed health-related quality of life (HRQOL) domains: neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) followed by surgery vs surgery alone. Furthermore, the impact of nCRT on HRQOL before surgery and the effect of surgery on HRQOL was also assessed. Findings demonstrated HRQOL decline during nCRT, however, relative to surgery alone, no impact of nCRT was apparent on postoperative HRQOL. Improvement in survival was also reported. These data support the view that nCRT according to the Chemoradiotherapy for Esophageal Cancer Followed by Surgery Study–regimen can be regarded as a standard of care.