Scotta MC, et al. - This study was designed to elucidate the impact of varicella vaccination introduction on the incidence of childhood hospital admissions associated with varicella and zoster in Brazil from 2003 to 2016, including the first 3 years after vaccine introduction. Findings revealed that as a consequence of the introduction of a single dose of tetraviral vaccine in National Immunization Program (NIP), varicella- and herpes zoster-associated hospitalizations decreased by half early after vaccine introduction.