Beauregard JL, et al. - Researchers investigated if household socioeconomic status (SES) modified the link between preterm birth (PTB) and children's scores on cognitive assessments at 2 years and reading and mathematics assessments at kindergarten age, using data from 5,250 singletons born in the US in 2001 and enrolled in the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study-Birth Cohort. A composite of parental education, occupation, and income was used to measure SES at 9 months. By postnatal SES, no difference was noted in the link between PTB and cognitive outcomes. However, the poorest performance on all three outcomes was reported in children who were both born preterm and lived in lower SES households. These, therefore, may represent a uniquely high risk group.