Shishehgar F, et al. - In this interventional study, researchers compared the impacts of the hypocaloric low glycemic index (LGI) diet on anthropometric variables and insulin resistance in women with and without polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and examined the impact of this diet on the clinical and hormonal characteristics of PCOS women. This investigation was conducted at the Reproductive Endocrinology Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Of the 108 women (aged 18 to 40 years) invited for this study, 62 participants (PCOS = 28, non-PCOS = 34) followed an energy-restricted LGI diet of 24 weeks. The weight loss percentages obtained by both PCOS and non-PCOS groups were not significantly different. There was no significant difference in the decrease of homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) between the two groups. Significant decreases in total testosterone, FAI and SHBG increase were observed in PCOS women. In 80% of women with PCOS, a menstrual irregularity was improved and a significant decrease in acne occurrence was reported. Overall, the authors concluded that this diet has similarly useful impacts on anthropometric and metabolic features of overweight women with and without PCOS.