Liebkind R, et al. - Researchers undertook a comparative analysis of the baseline characteristics and 30-day and long-term mortality between patients with and without diabetes after an intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), with particular emphasis on the differences between type 1 (T1D) and type 2 (T2D) diabetes. A distinct pattern of comorbidities and disease characteristics with specific differences between T1D and T2D were demonstrated by the ICH patients with diabetes. It was determined that T1D displayed a significantly higher tendency of long-term mortality after an ICH than T2D, regardless of the younger age of the patient.

Methods

• Follow-up analysis was conducted of subjects with a first-ever ICH for a median of 2.3 years.
• Logistic regression analysis aided in examining the factors related to case-fatality and 1-year survival among the 30-day survivors, after adjusting for demographics, comorbidities and documented ICH characteristics increasing mortality after ICH.
• During this study, researchers compared diabetes to patients without diabetes in separate models as (1) any diabetes and (2) T1D or T2D.

Results

• Among 969 patients, 813 (83.9%) had no diabetes, 41 (4.2%) had T1D, and 115 (11.9%) T2D.
• Individuals with diabetes were younger, more often men, and presented more frequently hypertension, coronary heart disease, and chronic kidney disease (CKD) than patients without diabetes, exhibiting similar ICH characteristics.
• Data revealed that T1D patients were younger, had more often CKD and brain-stem ICH, and less often atrial fibrillation and lobar ICH, than candidates with T2D.
• It was noted that diabetes did not affect the case-fatality.
• An independent connection was brought to light between any diabetes (OR 2.42, 1.19-4.93), T1D (5.27, 0.95-29.28), and T2D (OR 2.20, 1.04-4.67) with 1-year mortality.