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Depressive symptoms and time perspective in older adults: Associations beyond personality and negative life events

Aging and Mental Health Oct 18, 2019

Åström E, et al. - Researchers sought to quantitate the impact of time perspective—an individual’s habitual way of relating to the past, the present, and the future time frames—on self-reported depressive symptoms among older adults. The Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression scale (CES-D) and the Swedish Zimbardo Time perspective Inventory (S-ZTPI) were completed by 402 participants (60–90 years). The six S-ZTPI dimensions were correlated with 24.5% of the variance in CES-D scores beyond age and gender. As per results, facets of time perspective are substantially related to depressive symptoms in old age. Further, they observed an age-related shift in the relative importance in correlation to facets of time perspective; the concerns about the future (Future Negative) shift to the present (Present Fatalistic) with increased age. Future worries (Future Negative) may be a more constant source of distress in young old-age when the future is more ‘open’. However, in late senescence, mood state seemed to be more affected by perceived threats to autonomy (eg physical health problems and cognitive deficits), as reflected by higher scores on Present Fatalistic.
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