Hall AB, Davis E, Vasquez M, et al. - A specific skill set is required for managing battlefield trauma; regular trauma experience optimizes this skill set. With the decrease in military casualties from the prolonged conflicts in the Middle East, challenges exist in maintenance of battlefield trauma readiness. Researchers sought to determine the frequency of surgical cases relevant to deployed combat casualty care performed at military treatment facilities (MTFs). Emergent, open surgical cases in which the patient required a blood transfusion, defined combat casualty care relevant cases (CCC-RCs). From four military treatment centers with surgical residency training programs, they evaluated 51 trauma/general surgeons and six vascular surgeons case logs. A cross-section of MTF surgical case complexity reveals that there is a lack of cases considered to be CCC-RCs. Surgical case surrogates for combat trauma and combat casualty care is close to zero at the evaluated MTFs. Data are thereby potentially representative of other military treatment centers, which focus on beneficiary care. For readiness purposes, they emphasize not considering MTFs, that care primarily for Tricare beneficiaries without a significant trauma population, as meaningful sources of CCC-RCs for trauma/general and vascular surgeons.