Liu Z, et al. - In patients with hemifacial microsomia (HM), researchers assessed the anatomic course of the mandibular canal. For this retrospective study, they involved 77 patients and stratified according to the Pruzansky-Kaban classification. On the basis of computed tomography data, the mandibular canal and the mandible were reconstructed. No significant difference was identified in patients with type I and type IIa HM in the course of the mandibular canal between the affected and unaffected sides. In some patients with type IIb and type III HM, abnormalities were observed. Significant differences were found in the entrance and route of the canals between patients with type IIb and type III HM. The antilingula was found only in type IIb and type III HM patients and was more common in type III HM patients than in type IIb HM patients. In patients with Pruzansky-Kaban type IIb and type III HM, there is a variation in the anatomic course of the mandibular canal. It is recommended to evaluate the course of the canal in HM patients before surgery to avoid inferior alveolar nerve damage.