Arikawa S, et al. - Researchers investigated if maternal antiretroviral therapy (ART) and prolonged breastfeeding while on ART may improve survival via analyzing individual data on 19,219 Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-exposed uninfected (HEU) children from 21 prevent mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) trials/cohorts undertaken from 1995 to 2015 in Africa and Asia. Low birth weight (LBW <2500 g), no breastfeeding, and maternal death were noted to be significantly associated with increased mortality. Maternal ART was significantly associated with lower mortality. Thereby suggesting that substantial improvement in survival of HEU children could be achieved if public health practices provided all HIV-infected mothers with ART and supported optimal infant feeding and care for LBW neonates.