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Comparison of renal outcomes between sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists

Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice Feb 12, 2022

In Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus treated with sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i), a lower renal composite outcome incidence was observed in comparison to glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP1Ra)-treated patients.

  • By employing propensity score matching, patient outcomes after SGLT2i and GLP1Ra treatments were compared.

  • The renal composite outcome was defined as either progression of albuminuria status and/or >15% deterioration in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) per year.

  • SGLT2i-treated patients had significantly lower incidence of renal composite outcomes compared to GLP1Ra-treated patients (n = 15 [11%] and n = 27 [20%], respectively).

  • Significant differences in annual eGFR changes (mL/min/1.73 m <sup>2</sup> /year) were found between the two groups (−1.8 [95%CI, −2.7, −0.9] in SGLT2i-treated patients and −3.4 [95%CI, −4.6, −2.2] in GLP1Ra-treated patients).

  • Change in the urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio occurred due to a significant interaction between the presence or absence of a reduction in systolic blood pressure and the difference in treatments.

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