Comparison of clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with reversible vs persistent methamphetamine-associated cardiomyopathy
The American Journal of Cardiology Nov 09, 2019
Zhao SX, et al. - Researchers compared patients with reversible methamphetamine-associated cardiomyopathy (rMAC) vs patients with persistent MAC (pMAC), in terms of clinical features, outcomes and predictors of reversibility. At a single-center, a retrospective analysis of adult MAC patients with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤ 40% was done. Median follow-up duration was 45 months (interquartile range 27 to 70), after which, an increase in LVEF by 28.3 ± 6.9% was seen in rMAC, whereas it was unaltered in pMAC. For rMAC vs the pMAC group, significant decrease in heart failure hospitalizations and New York Heart Association Class III/IV heart failure was noted. In the overall, pMAC, and in the rMAC group, the all-cause mortality was estimated to be 21.6%, 28%, and 6.5%, respectively. MAC reversal was strongly predicted by MA cessation and baseline right ventricular end systolic area, on multivariable logistic regression. Findings revealed that MAC reversal was not uncommon and was related to significant clinical improvement including decreased mortality. Its facilitation via MA cessation is possible in cases where the cardiac chambers, particularly the right ventricle, are not severely dilated.
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