Gundlund A, et al. - Researchers used Danish nationwide registries to compare long-term thromboembolic risk in infection-related and non-infection-related atrial fibrillation (AF). They matched (1:1) patients with infection-related (concurrent discharge diagnosis code for infection) and non-infection-related AF. They used multivariable Cox regression analyses to assess long-term outcomes. They found that in patients with first-time AF, there was a relationship between infection and increased thromboembolic risk. Regarding risk-reduction by oral anticoagulation therapy, similar outcomes were observed between AF patients with and without a concurrent infection.