Behairy OG, et al. - In the present study, the researchers sought to determine the value of serum interleukin-33 (IL-33) levels in infants with cholestasis, correlate serum IL-33 levels with the clinicopathological profile of infants with cholestasis, and compare their level with that of healthy infants who served as control. Sixty infants with cholestasis were recruited and divided into biliary atresia (BA) group and non-BA group, in addition to 30 healthy infants as a control group. A positive association was found between serum IL-33 and aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, bilirubin (total and direct) levels, and fibrosis stage among the BA group. The significantly higher production of IL-33 in BA patients relative to non-BA indicates a potential role of IL-33 for initiation and progression of the disease process, IL-33 may also have a diagnostic role in BA infants.