Mazenq J, et al. - The present study sought to compare the influence of air pollution, measured near patients' homes, on emergency department (ED) visits for asthma or trauma (controls) within the Provence-Alpes-Côte-d’Azur region. It was found that short-term exposures to high nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) concentrations, as assessed close to the homes of the patients, were significantly related to asthma-related ED visits in children and adults.