Relangi D, Somashekar S, Jain D, et al. - Experts aspired to explore whether change in patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) management strategies over time had an influence on respiratory outcomes in premature infants. From January 1, 2005, to December 31, 2007 (epoch 1) and January 1, 2011, to December 31, 2015 (epoch 2), prospectively collected data from all preterm infants born at 23-30 weeks gestational age with PDA admitted to the Children's Hospital of the University of Miami/Jackson Memorial Medical Center were included. The shift in approach to PDA diagnosis and management from a more proactive and aggressive approach during the earlier epoch 1 to a more expectant approach during the subsequent epoch 2, was linked to worse respiratory outcomes, including an increase in BPD and in BPD or death.