Lodge-Tulloch NA, Elias FTS, Pudwell J, et al. - Via performing a systematic review and meta-analysis, cesarean section rates were compared between assisted reproductive technology (ART) pregnancies vs spontaneous conceptions (SC), overall, by indication (elective vs emergent), and by type of ART treatment (in-vitro fertilization (IVF), intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), fresh embryo transfer, frozen embryo transfer). They used the OVID Platform to search Medline, EMBASE and CINAHL databases from 1993 to 2019, and identified a total of 1,750 studies 34 of which met the inclusion criteria. Findings suggest higher odds of delivering by cesarean section for ART singleton pregnancies vs spontaneous conceptions. On stratifying by indication, IVF/ICSI pregnancies were linked with a 1.91-fold rise in odds of elective caesarean section and 1.38-fold rise in odds of emergent caesarean section. They emphasize focusing on minimizing the risks that may result in emergency caesarean sections in preconception and pregnancy care plans and finding strategies to understand and lower the rate of elective cesarean sections.