Huvanandana J, et al. - In preterm infants, researchers assessed the acute effect of intravenous caffeine on heart rate and blood pressure variability. For this investigation, linear and nonlinear features of heart rate and blood pressure variability at two time points were extracted and compared: prior to and in the two hours following a loading dose of 10-mg/kg caffeine base. This investigation highlighted the potential rise in autonomic nervous system responsiveness following caffeine administration, reflected in both heart rate and blood pressure systems. The observed increase in the variability of pulse pressure might have consequences for the administration of caffeine to infants with potentially impaired cerebral autoregulation.