Ulvestad M, et al. - Researchers objectively assessed cardiorespiratory fitness and physical activity in 54 included bilateral lung transplant recipients (mean age 50 ± 15 years, 50% females). In addition, they evaluated causes of exercise intolerance, and sought clinical factors linked with cardiorespiratory fitness after bilateral lung transplantation (BLTx). A treadmill cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) was conducted 6–60 months after BLTx to determine peak oxygen uptake (V∙O2peak) and exercise-limiting factors. Accelerometers were used to measure physical activity, and comparison of the results was done with Norwegian normative data and the World Health Organization’s recommendations for physical activity. Per outcomes, the majority of BLTx recipients exhibit low cardiorespiratory fitness. They commonly report deconditioning and cardiopulmonary limitations. Based on physical activity recommendations, nearly 90% were classified as being inactive. Seventy-three percent of the variability in V∙O2peak was due to BMI, physical activity, forced expiratory volume after 1 second, gender, and hemoglobin, altogether. Hence a deconditioned subgroup of BLTx recipients could be recognized using CPET who may particularly benefit from exercise training.