Kaloyannidis P, Hertzberg M, Webb K, et al. - Researchers compared brentuximab vedotin (BV) with salvage chemotherapy in terms of its efficacy in treating relapsed or refractory classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) patients after autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT), via an indirect treatment comparison in this literature-based study. This inquiry was performed to support a reimbursement submission for BV to the Australian Pharmaceutical Benefits Advisory Committee. Improvements in both clinical response, as well as overall survival, were achieved with the use of BV as first salvage therapy in cHL patients relapsing or progressing after ASCT, as revealed in the retrospective study of individual patient data from four data sources. In particular, the overall response rate showed incremental improvement of 22% in relation to BV vs salvage chemotherapy. For BV vs salvage chemotherapy, the 5-year overall survival and progression-free survival rates were estimated to be 92·2% and 32·2% vs 30·5% and 3·2%, respectively. This conservative inquiry affords encouraging outcomes that have the potential to support informed clinical management as well as funding decisions for the first salvage of cHL patients exhibiting recurrence post-ASCT.