This scoping review highlights the non-existence of sufficient quality data to back the effectiveness of cystoscopy and urinary cytology in the diagnosis as well as surveillance of bladder cancer in neurogenic bladder patients.

• Of 1,092 articles found, 19 were analyzed regarding cytology and cystoscopy performance in patients with neurogenic bladder and 33 were included as linked with biomarkers in bladder cancer.

• No significant study stood out to advocate bladder cancer screening in this specific population employing cytology and cystoscopy due to paucity of results, low level-of-evidence studies, and lack of studies particularly designed to evaluate the test performance in this population.

• FISH analysis to identify chromosomal alterations, and PCR for TERT and FGFR3 promoter mutation detection, linked or not with KRAS mutation detection, were retained as potential future diagnostic tools.