Kim J, Byun SH, Kim JW, et al. - Since emergence delirium is well known as early postoperative behavioral change after general anesthesia, but it is unknown whether children with emergence delirium have negative behavioral changes after hospital discharge, researchers conducted this prospective observational study to explore the connection between emergence delirium and post-hospital behavioral changes. One hundred preschoolers aged 2 to 7 years old were enrolled in two tertiary university hospitals for elective surgery. Using modified Yale preoperative anxiety scale, the preoperative anxiety level was evaluated. The postoperative behavior checklist scores of children with emergence delirium were greater than those of children without emergence delirium. Children with emergence delirium had more severe behavioral changes 1 week after surgery than children who did not have emergence delirium. Findings suggested an association of high preoperative anxiety level and emergence delirium scores with post-hospital behavioral changes.