Wiik J, Nilsson S, Karrberg C, et al. - This study was attempted to explore if human papillomavirus (HPV) infection shortly before or during pregnancy, as well as previous treatment for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), is correlated with an elevated risk of preterm delivery (PTD) and other adverse obstetric and neonatal outcomes. Researchers conducted a retrospective population-based register study including a total of 1,044,023 women with singleton deliveries registered in the Swedish Medical Birth Register 1999–2016. The findings indicate that HPV infection shortly before or during pregnancy was correlated with PTD, preterm prelabor rupture of membranes (pPROM), PROM, and neonatal mortality. The data demonstrate that previous treatment for CIN was correlated with even greater risks for PTD and pPROM and was also correlated with PROM, neonatal mortality, and maternal and neonatal infectious complications.