Quinn PD, Rickert ME, Franck J, et al. - Researchers sought to assess how diverse preexisting mental health diagnoses, parental mental health history, and socioeconomic status (SES) in childhood are associated with opioid analgesic prescription patterns nationwide in Sweden. They recognized 5,071,193 (48.4% female) adolescents and adults using register-based data; these individuals were naive to prescription opioid analgesics and were followed from 2007 to 2014. Within 3 years, the cumulative incidence of 11.4% was reported for any dispensed opioid analgesic. They observed higher opioid therapy initiation rates among individuals with preexisting self-injurious behavior, as well as opioid and other substance use, attention-deficit/hyperactivity, depressive, anxiety, and bipolar disorders compared with those without the respective conditions. Greater long-term opioid therapy (LTOT) rates were observed in correlation to all mental health conditions (hazard ratios from 1.66 [1.56-1.77] for bipolar disorder to 3.82 [3.51-4.15] for opioid use disorder) and the link with concurrent benzodiazepine-opioid therapy was similar for all these conditions. Among 1,482,462 adolescents and young adults, those with parental mental health history or lower childhood SES had greater initiation and LTOT rates. They recommend accounting these patterns in efforts to understand and ameliorate the potential adverse effects of opioid analgesics.