Jacobson DL, et al. – This work was planned to determine the associations of low vitamin D and elevated parathyroid hormone concentrations with bone mineral density in perinatally HIV–infected (PHIV) children. Findings suggested that PHIV and perinatally HIV–exposed uninfected (PHEU) children with low 25(OH)D could have lower bone mineral density (BMD. Authors suggested the necessity for Vitamin D supplementation trials during critical periods of bone accrual.