Mezquita L, et al. - Researchers here studied patients with advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) to determine if pretreatment derived neutrophils/(leukocytes minus neutrophils) ratio (dNLR) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) are associated with resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). In this work, pretreatment lung immune prognostic index (LIPI), combining dNLR greater than 3 and LDH greater than upper limit of normal (ULN), seemed associated with worse outcomes for ICI, but not for chemotherapy. This suggested the utility of LIPI as a potentially valuable tool when selecting ICI treatment, thereby raising the hypothesis that the LIPI might be useful for identifying patients unlikely to benefit from treatment with an ICI.