Low M, et al. - Researchers investigated the association between neighborhood fluoroquinolone consumption and individual risk of colonization or infection of the urinary tract with fluoroquinolone-resistant Escherichia coli using a hierarchical multivariate logistic regression approach. In this population-based case-control study of adults (aged ≥22 years) living in 1733 predefined geographical statistical areas (neighbourhoods) in Israel, they identified 300,105 events with E coli growth and 1,899,168 cultures with no growth from medical records and included these in the analysis. Outcomes revealed an increased personal risk of acquiring antibiotic-resistant bacteria in association to increased use of antibiotics in specific geographical areas. Personal history of antibiotic consumption and other known risk factors for antimicrobial resistance were not identified influencing this association.