Karaboyas A, et al. - Researchers analyzed data from 18,261 patients in phases 4 and 5 (2009-2015) of the international Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study to explore the association between ferritin and mortality and to determine the relative impact of intravenous (IV) iron and inflammation in the US, Europe and Japan. The median ferritin levels were 718 ng/mL in the US, 405 in Europe and 83 in Japan. Findings revealed that high ferritin levels were related to elevated mortality (relative to region-specific medians) in all three regions. They also observed that high ferritin may have limited utility as a biomarker for clinical risk due to excess iron stores, but still it is justified to exercise caution regarding IV iron dosing to higher upper ferritin targets.