Lee H, et al. – In this first-in-kind study, researchers assessed the link between patient and physician sex influences and stroke and bleeding risk estimation in atrial fibrillation (AF) by analyzing and pooling data from two national primary care physician chart audit databases of patients with AF. Overall, 1,035 physicians (133 female and 902 male) and 10,927 patients (4,567 female and 6,360 male) were included. They found stroke risk in female patients was underestimated by male physicians, and risk in male patients was overestimated by male physicians. Among female patients and male patients, female physicians estimated stroke risk well and underestimated risk, respectively. Disparities were apparent in risk assessment by physician and patient sex, but anticoagulation was received by > 90% of patients across all subgroups. Small and clinically non-relevant differences were also found in the agreement between physician-estimated stroke risk and calculated CHADS₂ scores.